| Basic Idea: Logging
|  | Record REDO and UNDO information, for every update, in a log.
|  | Sequential writes to log (put it on a separate disk). |  | Minimal info (diff) written to log, so multiple updates fit in a single log page. |  |  |  
|  | Log: An ordered list of REDO/UNDO actions
|  | Log record contains: 
<, pageID, offset, length, old data, new data> 
 |  | and additional control info (which well see soon). |  |  |  
 
 |